Famous Paintings at the Louvre Museum: Icons and Hidden Gems
Explore 26 famous paintings at the Louvre Museum, from world-renowned icons to captivating hidden treasures. Dive into the stories behind the Louvre’s most popular paintings and discover why the Louvre remains the world’s most visited museum. We indicate each time where to find the masterpiece.
If you are fond of paintings, reading this post is just the first step. Indeed, you can also book your Louvre Private Tour with Yves, our knowledgeable Louvre tour guide. Optimize your experience with a Louvre Evening Tour. A large number of Paris Private Tours is also available. See also Yves’ web page; he is the Broaden-horizons tour guide in Paris.
Note: The location of each artwork is listed below its description. You can refer to the Louvre’s interactive map to navigate.
Are there too many people in front of the Mona Lisa? Go to see “La Belle Ferronnière.” She is in the Grand Gallery (Grande Gallerie), not far from the Mona Lisa. Also painted by Leonardo da Vinci, she will follow you with her eyes, just as the Mona Lisa does.
Introduction
The Louvre Museum in Paris, home to some of the world’s most famous paintings, is a treasure trove of art history. From the Mona Lisa‘s enigmatic smile to the dramatic chiaroscuro1 of Caravaggio, these masterpieces span centuries and styles, offering visitors a unique journey through the evolution of Western art. While some paintings have achieved global fame, others remain hidden gems waiting to be discovered by discerning art lovers. This guide will take you through both the iconic masterpieces and the lesser-known treasures that make the Louvre an unparalleled destination for art enthusiasts.
Seven Iconic Masterpieces: The Louvre’s Most Celebrated Paintings
These seven paintings are the Louvre’s superstars, drawing millions of visitors each year. They represent some of the most significant moments in art history and are must-see works for any museum visitor.
1. Mona Lisa (La Gioconda) by Leonardo da Vinci
Where is it? Usually in Denon Wing – Level 1 – Room 711 (Salle des États).
Considered the most famous painting in the world, the Mona Lisa, located in the Louvre, continues to captivate viewers with her enigmatic smile. Created between 1503 and 1506, this Renaissance masterpiece showcases Leonardo’s mastery of the sfumato12 technique. The subtle gradations of light and shadow create a sense of depth and volume, while the subject’s mysterious expression has sparked centuries of speculation.
The painting’s fame has only grown over time, partly due to its dramatic theft in 1911 and subsequent recovery, cementing its status as a global cultural icon.
To learn more about the paintings of da Vinci in the Louvre, please see our dedicated post.
The Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci.
2. Liberty Leading the People by Eugène Delacroix
Where is it? Usually Denon Wing – Level 1 – Room 700 – Romanticism (Salle Mollien).
This iconic 1830 painting symbolizes the July Revolution. Eugène Delacroix‘s dramatic composition features Liberty personified as a woman holding the French tricolor flag, leading the people forward over fallen bodies. The painting is a powerful blend of allegorical and realistic elements. Liberty herself is a bare-breasted figure reminiscent of classical goddesses, while the other figures are depicted in contemporary dress. The dynamic composition and vivid use of color exemplify Delacroix’s Romantic style, while the political subject matter reflects the turbulent times in which it was created. Prominent in the background is Notre-Dame Cathedral, still undergoing restoration after the damage caused by the French Revolution.
3. The Raft of the Medusa by Théodore Géricault
Where is it? Usually Denon Wing – Level 1 – Room 700 – Romanticism (Salle Mollien).
A monumental work of French Romanticism11, this 1818-1819 painting depicts the aftermath of the wreck of the French naval frigate Méduse. Its graphic portrayal of human suffering and hope made it a landmark in art history.
Théodore Géricault‘s meticulous preparation included interviewing survivors, building a scale model of the raft, and studying corpses in morgues. The resulting pyramid composition, with its contrasting themes of despair and hope, creates a powerful emotional impact.
The painting’s unflinching realism and political overtones caused controversy when it was first exhibited, but ultimately established Géricault as a pioneer of Romanticism.
Gericault, The Raft of the Medusa.
4. The Wedding Feast at Cana by Paolo Veronese
Where is it? Usually Denon Wing – Level 1 – Room 711 (Salle des États).
This massive 1563 painting (6.77 m × 9.94 m (267 in × 391 in)) of over 67 square meters is the largest in the Louvre. It depicts the biblical story of the Marriage at Cana, where Jesus performed his first miracle. Paolo Veronese‘s work is a tour de force of High Renaissance painting, combining biblical narrative with contemporary Venetian society. The artist populates the scene with over 130 figures, including portraits of contemporary rulers and fellow artists, all dressed in 16th-century Venetian fashion.
The painting’s complex composition, vibrant color palette, and intricate details reward prolonged viewing and offer discoveries with each observation.
Discover all the secrets of the Wedding Feast at Cana in our dedicated post.
Paolo Veronese, The Wedding at Cana.
5. The Coronation of Napoleon by Jacques-Louis David
Where is it? Usually Denon Wing – Level 1 – Room 702 (Salle Daru).
This monumental 1807 painting, commissioned by Napoleon, captures the grandeur of Napoleon’s coronation in Notre Dame Cathedral. It’s a Neoclassical masterpiece that exemplifies historical documentation. As the official painter of the Empire, Jacques-Louis David was present at the coronation and made numerous sketches of the event. However, the final painting is a carefully choreographed version of events, emphasizing Napoleon’s power and legitimacy.
The enormous canvas (6.2 by 9.79 meters), the second biggest in the Louvre after the Cana Wedding by Veronese, is filled with meticulous details, from the sumptuous costumes to the architecture of Notre Dame, creating a work that is both a historical record and a piece of imperial propaganda.
The coronation of Napoleon is part of Broaden-horizons.fr’s Louvre highlights tour, but we also offer a Napoleon Louvre Tour for those who are most specifically interested in Napoleon. A Tour of Notre-Dame Cathedral, Inside and outside, is also possible.
The Coronation of Napoleon by Jacques-Louis David.
6. The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne by Leonardo da Vinci
Where is it? Usually in Denon Wing – Level 1 – Room 710 (Great Gallery).
This unfinished work showcases Leonardo’s innovative compositions and mastery of light and shadow. The pyramid-like arrangement of figures creates a sense of harmony and movement. Leonardo worked on this painting for over a decade before leaving it unfinished at the time of his death. The complex composition shows three generations: Saint Anne, the Virgin Mary, and the Christ Child, with the figures intertwined in a dynamic pose.
The painting showcases Leonardo’s sfumato technique and his fascination with the natural world, as evident in the intricate landscape background.
Recent restoration has revealed the painting’s vivid colors and intricate details, offering new insights into Leonardo’s working methods.
To learn more about the painting of da Vinci in the Louvre, please see our dedicated post.
Learn about Leonardo da Vinci in personn with our Italian Renaissance Painting Louvre Private Tour.
The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne by Leonardo da Vinci.
7. The Lacemaker by Johannes Vermeer
Where is it? Usually Richelieu Wing – Level 2 – Room 837.
One of Joannes Vermeer‘s smallest works, this intimate painting from 1669-1670 showcases the artist’s mastery of light and his ability to capture moments of quiet concentration. “The Lacemaker” depicts a young woman focused intently on her delicate work, with her hands and the lace she’s working on slightly blurred to convey movement. Vermeer’s use of light is exemplary, illuminating the scene from the left and highlighting the woman’s forehead, hands, and the threads of her work. The limited color palette and the close-up view create an intense, almost voyeuristic feeling, inviting the viewer into this private moment.
The Louvre has the immense privilege of having another Vermeer: “The Astronomer.”
Jan Vermeer van Delft – The Lacemaker.
Fourteen Must-See Treasures: Beyond the Louvre’s Most Famous
While these paintings might not have the global recognition of the Mona Lisa, they are equally significant in the art world. These works offer visitors a chance to explore beyond the crowds and discover some of the Louvre’s hidden treasures.
1. The Virgin of Chancellor Rolin by Jan van Eyck
Where is it? Usually Richelieu Wing – Level 2 – Room 818.
Completed around 1435, this masterpiece of Early Netherlandish painting demonstrates Jan van Eyck‘s unparalleled skill in oil painting7 and his meticulous attention to detail.
The painting depicts Nicolas Rolin, Chancellor of Burgundy, kneeling before the Virgin Mary and the Christ Child. Van Eyck’s mastery is evident in the intricate details, from the folds of the figures’ clothing to the minutely rendered landscape visible through the windows.
The use of light is particularly noteworthy, creating a sense of divine presence while also illuminating the rich textures and surfaces throughout the scene. This work is not only a religious painting but also a portrait of power, showcasing Rolin’s status and piety.
The painting was restored from 2021 to 2024, and in spring 2024, a Van Eyck spot exhibition was organized at the Louvre to celebrate the restoration.
Jan van Eyck Madonna of Chancellor Rolin – This photo of the painting is before restoration. If you go to the Louvre, you will see the difference and how exceptional is the restoration work.
2. Albrecht Dürer – Portrait of the Artist Holding a Thistle
Where is it? Usually Richelieu Wing – Level 2 – Room 809.
This self-portrait by Albrecht Dürer, painted in 1493 at age 22, demonstrates the artist’s exceptional talent and self-assurance.
Dürer presents himself elegantly dressed, holding a sprig of eryngium (often mistaken for a thistle), symbolizing fidelity. The painting showcases Dürer’s mastery of oil technique, with remarkable realism and detail. His penetrating gaze and the three-quarter view create an intimate connection with the viewer.
The artist’s appearance reflects Renaissance ideals of the cultured individual. This self-portrait is both a testament to Dürer’s technical prowess and a declaration of his artistic identity.
Its presence in the Louvre underscores Dürer’s importance as a pivotal figure bridging Northern European and Italian Renaissance traditions. Indeed, he was in contact with the prominent Italian artists of his time, including Raphael, Giovanni Bellini, and Leonardo da Vinci.
Dürer is a genius of the Renaissance10, standing at a comparable level to Leonardo da Vinci.
Albrecht Dürer – Portrait of the Artist Holding a Thistle.
3. The Pastoral Concert by Titian (previously attributed to Giorgione)
Where is it? Usually in Denon Wing – Level 1 – Room 711 (Salle des États).
The Pastoral Concert (“Le Concert champêtre“), once attributed to Giorgione, is now recognized as an early work by Titian, dated around 1509.
Whatever, the painting has to be considered an important art milestone as both Giorgione and Titian are regarded as the founders of the Venetian School of Italian Renaissance painting.
This oil painting captures two elegantly dressed young men in conversation, accompanied by two nude female figures who appear as ethereal muses in a sunlit landscape. One woman pours water from a crystal pitcher while another plays a flute, creating a mysterious allegory of poetry and music.
While Titian’s nudes exist in a mythological realm alongside clothed figures, Edouard Manet would later shock Paris by placing contemporary nude women alongside modern gentlemen in his “Le Déjeuner sur l’herbe,” transforming this Renaissance allegory into social commentary. Today, this masterwork continues to fascinate viewers with its harmonious blend of realism and poetic allegory.
Pastoral Concert by Titian.
4. The Money Changer and His Wife by Quentin Matsys
Where is it? Usually Richelieu Wing – Level 2 – Room 814.
This 1514 painting is a masterpiece of Flemish Renaissance art10. It showcases Quentin Matsys‘ attention to detail and ability to imbue everyday scenes with more profound moral significance.
The painting depicts a money changer and his wife carefully weighing and counting coins. Matsys’ meticulous rendering of textures and surfaces, from the gleaming metal of the scales to the soft fur of the wife’s sleeves, demonstrates the technical virtuosity of Flemish painting.
Beyond its realism, the painting carries moral and religious overtones, with the open prayer book suggesting the conflict between worldly and spiritual concerns.
Matsys Quentin – The Moneylender and his Wife.
5. Woman with a Mirror by Titian
Where is it? Usually in Denon Wing – Level 1 – Room 711 (Salle des États).
Titian (Italian: Tiziano Vecellio) is probably the most prominent Venetian Renaissance painter, due to the quality and duration of his career. Indeed, he was probably born in 1488, five years after Raphael, but died in 1576 at the age of 88, 56 years after Raphael.
As the Titian works are located in the Salle des États alongside the Mona Lisa, Louvre visitors often overlook them, which is a significant mistake.
“Woman with a Mirror” (French: “La Femme au miroir“) showcases Titian’s mastery in portraying Renaissance beauty through an enigmatic scene of a woman examining herself in two mirrors held by a male figure. Created around 1515, the work captures a moment of intimate reflection, with the subject’s golden hair cascading over her emerald velvet dress as she studies both her face and the back of her head.
The painting entered the heated Paragone debate16 of its time (See also “David and Goliath” by Da Volterra on this page), with Titian demonstrating how painting could surpass sculpture by depicting multiple viewpoints simultaneously.
The Titian work is also renowned in art history, as its interpretation by scholars remains a subject of debate. Some see it as a meditation on vanity, an allegory of prudence, or a celebration of love and beauty. Some see it as a visual metaphor for marriage, while others interpret it as a complex statement about the nature of seeing and being seen.
Women with a Mirror by Titian.
6. Portrait of Baldassare Castiglione by Raphael
Where is it? Usually Denon Wing – Level 1 – Room 712 (Great Gallery).
This masterpiece of Renaissance portraiture, painted by Raphael Sanzio (also known as Raphael Santi) in 1515, depicts Baldassare Castiglione, a prominent Italian diplomat, soldier, and author. The painting is renowned for its intimate portrayal and technical virtuosity, embodying the ideals of the High Renaissance4.
Raphael presents Castiglione in a three-quarter view, gazing directly at the viewer with a serene expression. The composition’s perfect balance and harmony, along with the muted color palette, create a sense of understated elegance that reflects Castiglione’s refined character.
The portrait is particularly significant for its psychological depth, capturing not just Castiglione’s physical likeness but also conveying his intellectual and spiritual qualities. This aligns with Castiglione’s writings on the ideal Renaissance courtier. The painting’s influence on later artists was profound, serving as a model for many subsequent portraits and demonstrating Raphael’s unparalleled ability to capture both the outer appearance and inner essence of his subjects.
Do not miss our dedicated post if you want to know more about Raphael in the Louvre.
Portrait of Baldassare Castiglione by Raphael (Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino).
7.Giuseppe Arcimboldo – Spring
Where is it? Usually in Denon Wing – Level 1 – Room 712 (Great Gallery).
“Spring” by Giuseppe Arcimboldo, painted in 1573, is a prime example of the artist’s ingenious and whimsical style. Part of his famous “Four Seasons” series, this portrait depicts a human head composed entirely of spring flowers and plants.
Arcimboldo’s meticulous attention to botanical detail is evident in the array of precisely rendered blooms that form the figure’s features. The painting showcases the artist’s unique ability to blend still life with portraiture, creating an image that is both realistic and fantastical.
This work reflects the intellectual climate of the late Renaissance, characterized by its interest in the natural sciences and visual puzzles.
Arcimboldo’s innovative approach influenced Surrealist13 artists centuries later. “Spring” not only demonstrates the artist’s technical skill but also his wit and imagination, offering viewers a delightful visual paradox.
Its presence in the Louvre allows visitors to experience one of the most original and intriguing works of 16th-century European art.
Giuseppe Arcimboldi – Spring.
8. Gabrielle d’Estrées and one of her sisters, artist unknown
Where is it? Usually Richelieu Wing – Level 2 – Room 824.
Gabrielle d’Estrées et une de ses soeurs (Gabrielle d’Estrées and one of her sisters) is a renowned painting from around 1594, attributed to an unknown artist but which is clearly part of the Second School of Fontainebleau (“Seconde École de Fontainebleau”)17 the late mannerist period, closing the French Renaissance from 1594 to 1617.
The piece is renowned for its captivating portrayal of Gabrielle d’Estrées, the mistress of King Henry IV of France, alongside one of her sisters. The intimate moment captured in the artwork reveals subtle symbolism, particularly the gesture of the sister pinching Gabrielle’s nipple, alluding to the theme of fertility.
The painting reflects the courtly life and artistic sensibilities of the late 16th century. It is a remarkable example of French Renaissance portraiture, blending eroticism with political undertones.
Visitors to the Louvre are transported to an era where art is intertwined with power and identity.
Gabrielle d’Estrées et une de ses soeurs (Gabrielle d’Estrées and one of her sisters) artist unknown.
9. The Fortune Teller by Caravaggio
Where is it? Usually Denon Wing – Level 1 – Room 712 (Great Gallery).
This early work by Caravaggio, painted around 1594, showcases the artist’s revolutionary approach to painting and his mastery of chiaroscuro1. The scene depicts a young man having his palm read by a gypsy fortune teller, who is secretly slipping the ring off his finger.
Caravaggio’s innovative use of dramatic lighting and his focus on the psychological interaction between the characters marked a departure from the idealized art of the late Renaissance. The painting’s realism and its choice of a contemporary, street-level subject were groundbreaking for its time. Caravaggio’s attention to detail is evident in the varied textures and the subtle play of expressions, inviting the viewer to unravel the narrative of deception unfolding before them.
Later works of Caravaggio will turn to tenebrism15 (a heightened chiaroscuro), with a famous example at the Louvre, the Death of the Virgin. See our dedicated post to know more about Caravaggio in the Louvre.
Michelangelo Caravaggio, the Fortune Teller.
10. The Coronation in Saint-Denis by Peter Paul Rubens
Where is it? Usually Richelieu Wing – Level 2 – Room 801 (Galerie Médicis).
Commissioned as part of the Marie de’ Medici cycle, this monumental 1625 painting is probably the most famous of the 24 paintings in this cycle, which is displayed integrally in a dedicated room at the Louvre.
The monumental masterpiece captures Marie de’ Medici’s coronation at Saint-Denis Abbey, with Cardinal de Joyeuse placing the crown amid a swirling arrangement of courtiers and clergy. The artist’s virtuosic handling of light and color, particularly the sumptuous reds and golds, emphasizes the ceremony’s sacred and regal nature.
The dynamic spiral composition and meticulous attention to detail— from the gleaming ecclesiastical vestments to the soaring Gothic architecture—transform this historical document into a visual feast.
Le Couronnement de la reine à l’abbaye de Saint-Denis – The Coronation in Saint-Denis by Peter Paul Rubens.
The coronation on May 13, 1610, gained tragic significance when King Henry IV of France was assassinated the very next day, leading to Marie’s regency over the young Louis XIII. This sudden power shift sparked enduring rumors of her involvement in the king’s death, though historians remain divided on the conspiracy theory.
This masterpiece by Peter Paul Rubens showcases a remarkable composition that would later inspire Jacques-Louis David’s famous painting “Coronation of Napoleon.”
11. Georges de La Tour – Saint Sebastian Tended by Saint Irene
Where is it? Usually in Sully Wing – Level 2 – Room 912.
This masterpiece by Georges de La Tour, painted between 1634 and 1643, is a striking example of the artist’s mastery of chiaroscuro and unique interpretation of religious themes.
The painting depicts the moment when Saint Irene and her maid tend to the wounds of Saint Sebastian, who has been shot with arrows. De La Tour’s signature use of dramatic lighting is evident here, with the scene illuminated by a single, unseen light source that creates a powerful contrast between light and shadow. This technique adds depth and volume to the figures, imbuing the scene with a sense of intimacy and spiritual reverence. The composition is straightforward yet powerful, with the three figures forming a tight, triangular grouping against a dark background.
De La Tour’s attention to detail is evident in the realistic depiction of Sebastian’s wounds and the careful rendering of the fabric textures. This painting exemplifies the artist’s ability to combine religious subject matter with a profoundly human and empathetic approach, creating a spiritually profound and emotionally resonant work.
As one of the few securely attributed works by de La Tour, this painting holds a significant place in the Louvre’s collection and the history of French Baroque art.
Georges de la Tour – Saint-Sebastian Tended by Irene.
12. Rembrandt – Self-portrait at the Easel
Where is it? Usually Richelieu Wing – Level 2 – Room 844.
This captivating self-portrait, painted by Rembrandt van Rijn, the most famous painter of the Dutch Golden Age around 1660, is a masterpiece of introspection and technical brilliance.
This painting, created late in the artist’s career, shows Rembrandt at work, standing before his easel with brushes and a palette in hand.
The painting is remarkable for its psychological depth and the artist’s unflinching portrayal of himself. Rembrandt’s face emerges from the shadows, illuminated by a soft light highlighting his weathered features and penetrating gaze. The rich, earthy tones and the loose, expressive brushwork are characteristic of Rembrandt’s mature style.
This self-portrait is not just a likeness but a profound reflection on the artist’s life, career, and the very nature of artistic creation. It stands as a testament to Rembrandt’s enduring fascination with self-portraiture, a genre in which he was a pioneer and master, leaving behind a visual autobiography spanning his entire career.
Rembrandt Harmensz. van_Rijn – Self Portrait at the Easel.
13. The Oath of the Horatii by Jacques-Louis David
Where is it? Usually in Denon Wing – Level 1 – Room 702 (Salle Daru).
A quintessential Neoclassical6 work from 1784, this painting embodies the virtues of patriotism and self-sacrifice. Its stark composition and dramatic lighting influenced generations of artists. The painting depicts a scene from Roman history: three brothers swear on their swords to fight for Rome while the women mourn, foreseeing the tragic outcome. David’s use of a frieze-like composition, with the figures arranged parallel to the picture plane, creates a sense of monumentality. The precise, sculptural modeling of the figures and the emphasis on line over color are hallmarks of the Neoclassical style. This painting became a rallying point for revolutionary sentiment in pre-revolutionary France.
The Oath of the Horatii by Jacques-Louis David.
14. The Grande Odalisque by Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres
Where is it? Usually in Denon Wing – Level 1 – Room 702 (Salle Daru).
Painted in 1814, this iconic Orientalist8 work features an elongated nude figure, demonstrating Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres‘ departure from strict anatomical accuracy in favor of sensuousness and exoticism. The painting depicts a concubine in a harem setting; her back is turned to the viewer, but her face is visible as she looks over her shoulder. Ingres’ deliberate distortion of the figure, particularly the elongated back, sparked controversy but also admiration for its graceful, sinuous lines. The rich fabrics, peacock fan, and turban add to the exotic atmosphere, reflecting the 19th-century European fascination with the ‘Orient.’ This painting remains a key work in discussing Orientalism and the female nude in Western art.
Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres – La Grande Odalisque.
5 Extra guests on the Louvre famous paintings list
1. Portrait of John II, King of France
Where is it? Usually Richelieu Wing – Level 2 – Room 835.
This amazing tempera14 and gold on wood panel is only on our guest list of the most famous Louvre paintings, not in the main one, because it is not exactly a Louvre painting.
Indeed, despite being shown in the Louvre, it belongs to the National Library of France.
This remarkable portrait, dating from around 1350, is one of Western art’s earliest surviving examples of panel painting. It depicts John II, King of France, also known as John the Good, who ruled France from 1350 to 1364. The portrait is notable for its unusual attempt at realism.
The king is shown in a traditional profile view. Despite its age, the painting retains much of its original color and detail, offering a rare glimpse into medieval art and fashion.
This portrait is exceptional as it is known as the first individual realist portrait to reach us in post-ancient Rome Western Art.
Its historical significance extends beyond its artistic merits, serving as an essential document of 14th-century French royalty.
The Louvre strongly recognized the extraordinary nature of this work by hanging it alone, framed by the entry gate of the French and Flemish Primitive Painting galleries.
Portrait of John II, King of France.
2. Sandro Botticelli – A Young Man Being Introduced to the Seven Liberal Arts
Where is it? Usually Denon Wing – Level 1 – Room 706.
After a tempera, the second guest on our Louvre’s most famous paintings list is a fresco3. It may look strange, but yes, the Louvre exhibits two Italian Renaissance frescos: “A Young Man Being Introduced to the Seven Liberal Arts” and its companion piece, “Venus and the Three Graces Presenting Gifts to a Young Woman.“
This allegorical fresco by Sandro Botticelli, created around 1484, is a captivating representation of Renaissance humanist ideals. The painting depicts a young man being presented to seven women, each embodying one of the Seven Liberal Arts: Grammar, Rhetoric, Logic, Arithmetic, Geometry, Astronomy, and Music. Botticelli’s signature graceful figures and flowing lines are evident in the elegant poses and draperies of the women. The composition is carefully balanced, with the central figure of the young man drawing the viewer’s eye before it moves to explore the surrounding allegorical figures.
The fresco’s rich symbolism reflects the intellectual climate of Florence during the Renaissance10 , emphasizing the importance of a well-rounded education. Originally part of a larger decorative scheme in a Florentine palace, this fragment, now in the Louvre, offers a glimpse into Botticelli’s skill in translating complex philosophical concepts into visual form. The painting’s delicate coloration and fine details, characteristic of Botticelli’s style, have remarkably survived the centuries, allowing modern viewers to appreciate the artist’s mastery and the enduring appeal of Renaissance allegory.
Learn about Botticelli in person with our private Italian Renaissance Painting Louvre tour.
Fresco by Sandro Botticelli – A Young Man Being Introduced to the Seven Liberal Arts.
3. Jean-Siméon Chardin – Self-portrait Wearing Glasses
Where is it? Rarely shown (light sensitive) – Only visible during temporary exhibits.
After a tempera and a fresco, a pastel9 is number three in our Louvre famous paintings guest list.
This remarkable self-portrait by Jean-Siméon Chardin, executed in pastel around 1771, showcases the artist’s late-career mastery. Created in his seventies, it depicts Chardin wearing glasses, a fur-lined coat, and a green eyeshade. This work demonstrates his experimentation with pastels, highlighting his adaptability in his later years. The soft, velvety textures beautifully capture the aging artist’s features, while his direct gaze creates an intimate connection with the viewer. Notable for its technical brilliance and honest depiction of aging, this self-portrait offers a rare glimpse into Chardin’s self-image. Its presence in the Louvre underscores Chardin’s significance in French art history and provides a fascinating counterpoint to his renowned still life and genre scenes.
The Louvre’s 18th-century pastel collection is logically the largest in France and boasts numerous unique masterpieces by Chardin, Quentin de la Tour, and Perronneau. However, as pastels are very light-sensitive, the Louvre, due to its high number of visitors, shows them very rarely. The last time the Louvre pastels were shown was in a 2018 exhibition. So, if you are lucky enough to be in the Louvre next time, they will be on display; do not miss them under any pretext.
If you are a fan of 18th-century pastels and don’t want to wait, you can visit the impressive Orleans Museum of Fine Arts, which displays the second most extensive 18th-century pastel collection in France after that of the Louvre.
Jean-Baptiste Siméon Chardin – Self-portrait Wearing Glasses.
4. Daniele da Volterra – David and Goliath
Where is it? Usually Denon Wing – Room 712 (Great Gallery).
Daniel da Volterra was close to Michelangelo. Indeed, he was called to his bedside as he lay dying and collected his last wishes. By creating 1555 the two-faced David and Goliath painting, Volterra hoped to demonstrate that painting could compete with sculpture in the setting of the Paragone debate16 ; the Paragone debate was a debate during the Italian Renaissance to determine which of painting and sculpture was superior to the other.
Indeed, the work is exceptional for its double-sided nature, with different scenes painted on each side of the slate, a unique feature highlighting Volterra’s innovative approach.
The work also showcases Volterra’s mastery of the Mannerist5 style, with its complex composition and dramatic use of light and shadow.
The artist presents the pivotal moment of David beheading Goliath, capturing both figures in a tightly intertwined, almost sculptural arrangement. Volterra’s close association with Michelangelo is evident in the muscular, twisting forms and the painting’s intense emotional energy.
This painting exemplifies the artistic trends of late Renaissance Rome and is a testament to Volterra’s skill and creativity. The Louvre highly recognizes the importance of da Volterra’s work as it stands in the middle of the Grand Gallery, marking the transition between the High Renaissance and Mannerism5 in Italy.
5. Louvre’s new Masterpiece Painting, The Basket of Wild Strawberries by Jean-Siméon Chardin
Where is it? It was still not on display when we wrote these lines. It should normally be with the 18th-century French painting in the Sully Wing, Level 2,
The Last Simon Chardin painting in a private collection, “The Basket of Wild Strawberries,” was acquired by the Louvre for € 24.3 million at the beginning of 2024 to become the Louvre’s 42nd Chardin masterpiece. The painting was first shown in various French Museums and will later find its proper place in the Louvre galleries.
Painted in 1761, “The Basket of Wild Strawberries” is a still life that showcases Chardin’s exceptional skill in capturing the essence of everyday life.
This small yet exquisite painting depicts a simple arrangement: a basket of freshly picked wild strawberries, two carnations, a glass of water, and a few scattered cherries. Chardin’s mastery lies in his ability to elevate these humble subjects to the realm of high art through his meticulous attention to detail and subtle play of light and texture. The painting’s composition is carefully balanced, with the central basket anchoring the scene. Chardin’s use of muted tones and soft light creates a sense of quiet intimacy, inviting the viewer to contemplate the beauty of ordinary things.
This work exemplifies Chardin’s unique style, which broke from the grand historical and mythological subjects favored by many of his contemporaries, instead finding profound meaning in the simplicity of domestic life. “The Basket of Wild Strawberries” stands as a testament to Chardin’s influence on the development of still life painting and his enduring legacy in French art.
Jean-Baptiste Siméon Chardin – The Basket of Wild Strawberries.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What is the most famous painting in the Louvre Museum?
A: The Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci is undoubtedly the most famous painting at the Louvre Museum.
Q: How many paintings are in the Louvre Museum?
A: The Louvre houses more than half a million objects, approximately 38,000 of which are displayed from prehistory to the 21st century, and there are around 7,500 paintings.
Q: Can I take photos of the paintings in the Louvre?
A: Yes, photography is allowed in most areas of the Louvre, but flash photography and the use of tripods are prohibited.
Q: How long does it take to see all the famous paintings at the Louvre?
A: To see just the most famous paintings at the Louvre Museum, you should allow at least 3-4 hours. However, a full day or multiple visits are recommended to truly appreciate the artworks and the museum’s vast collection.
Q: Are all these famous paintings always on display?
A: While most of these famous works are on permanent display, some may occasionally be removed for restoration or loaned to other museums. The pastel collection is rarely shown. It’s always best to check the Louvre’s website for current exhibitions before your visit.
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- The Wedding Feast at Cana in the Louvre
- Last Supper Painting in the Louvre
- Raphael’s Masterpieces in the Louvre
- Da Vinci’s Masterpieces in the Louvre
- Caravaggio’s Paintings in the Louvre
- Soon: Renaissance Painting beyond the Louvre
- Soon: Top 10 Must-See Artworks in the Louvre
Experience the Masterpieces in Person
Reading about these famous paintings at the Louvre Museum is just the beginning. Nothing compares to truly seeing them in person to appreciate their beauty and significance. Our expert-guided tours of the Louvre offer in-depth insights into these masterpieces and many more, allowing you to experience the full breadth of art history within the museum’s hallowed halls.
Book your private Louvre tour today and enter the world of artistic genius! Our knowledgeable guide will ensure you don’t miss any of these iconic works or hidden gems, providing fascinating context and lesser-known details about each piece. Whether you’re an art enthusiast or a curious beginner, our tours cater to all levels of interest and expertise.
For more information on our range of Paris tours, including visits to other renowned museums and iconic sites, check out our Paris Private Tours page. See also Yves’web page , he is the Broaden-horizons tour guide in Paris.
Know More About the Louvre
Glossary of Art Terms
- Chiaroscuro: An oil painting technique using strong contrasts between light and dark to achieve a sense of volume and depth.↩
- Flemish Renaissance: A 16th-century movement in the Low Countries that blended Italian Renaissance influences with Northern European traditions, known for its detailed realism and rich symbolism in painting.↩
- Fresco: A technique of mural painting executed upon freshly laid lime plaster. Water is used as the vehicle for the pigment, which becomes an integral part of the wall as the plaster sets.↩
- High Renaissance: The peak period of Renaissance art in Italy (circa 1495-1520), characterized by harmonious and highly naturalistic works exemplified by masters like Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael.↩
- Mannerism: A style in 16th-century European art characterized by artificial qualities, elongated figures, and unusual poses.↩
- Neoclassicism: An art movement that emerged in the mid-18th century, characterized by a revival of classical Greek and Roman styles, emphasizing order, symmetry, and idealized forms in art and architecture.↩
- Oil painting: A painting technique using pigments suspended in drying oils, allowing for vibrant colors, subtle blending, and various textures, which became widely adopted during the Renaissance.↩
- Orientalism: A 19th-century artistic and cultural movement characterized by the depiction of Middle Eastern, North African, and Asian subjects by Western artists, often reflecting romanticized or exoticized views of these cultures.↩
- Pastel: A drawing medium made from pure powdered pigment and a binder, often used for portraits.↩
- Renaissance: A period in European history from the 14th to the 17th century, marking the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity. In art, it was characterized by a revival of classical learning and wisdom.↩
- Romanticism: An artistic and literary movement of the late 18th and early 19th centuries that emphasized emotion, individualism, and the beauty of nature, often in reaction to the rationalism of the Enlightenment and the idealization of Neoclassicism.↩
- Sfumato: A painting technique for softening the transition between colors, creating a hazy effect.↩
- Surrealism: An avant-garde movement in art and literature of the early 20th century that sought to express the subconscious mind through fantastic imagery and incongruous juxtaposition of subject matter.↩
- Tempera: A painting medium consisting of colored pigments mixed with a water-soluble binder, usually egg yolk.↩
- Tenebrism: A dramatic form of chiaroscuro developed by Caravaggio, using extreme contrasts of light and dark.↩
- Paragone debate: A debate during the Italian Renaissance in which painting and sculpture were each championed as forms of art superior and distinct to each other. The word “paragone” is Italian for “comparison”↩
- The second Fontainebleau School, named after the first one, mainly refers to painters who were active on royal building sites during the reign of Henri IV (1589-1610) and the regency of Marie de Médicis (1610-1617). In addition to the Italians Primaticcio, Rosso, and Nicolò Dell’Abate, the leaders of the movement were the French Toussaint Dubreuil, Ambroise Dubois, and Martin Fréminet. ↩
Unless otherwise noted, images are from The Yorck Project (2002). GFDL